Most patients are over 60 years old. It is very rare in the under 40s and unusual in people under 50.

We don’t really know what causes myeloma. Researchers are trying to find out. They have identified some risk factors. A risk factor is anything that may increase your chance of getting cancer.

For example, you may be more likely to get myeloma if you have been exposed to abnormal levels of radiation, or if you have worked in certain industries (eg petroleum).